Uses:

1. Gallstone Dissolution: Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) is commonly prescribed to dissolve gallstones in individuals who are not suitable candidates for surgery or wish to avoid surgical intervention. It works by reducing the cholesterol content of gallstones, helping them break down over time.
2. Primary Biliary Cholangitis (PBC): UDCA is the mainstay of treatment for primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), a chronic liver disease that damages the bile ducts within the liver. UDCA helps slow the progression of the disease and improves liver function in PBC patients.
3. Cholestasis of Pregnancy: UDCA may be used to manage cholestasis of pregnancy, a condition characterized by reduced bile flow and itching. It can help alleviate symptoms and improve liver function in pregnant individuals with this condition.
4. Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): UDCA is being investigated as a potential treatment for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, a condition characterized by fat accumulation in the liver. It may help improve liver enzyme levels and liver health in NAFLD patients.

Problems and Considerations:

1. Gastrointestinal Issues: UDCA can cause mild gastrointestinal side effects such as diarrhea, indigestion, and upset stomach. These effects usually improve with continued use.
2. Liver Function Monitoring: Regular monitoring of liver function and gallstone dissolution progress is important while taking UDCA.
3. Biliary Colic: In some cases, gallstones may temporarily cause increased pain (biliary colic) during their dissolution process. This pain can be managed under medical supervision.
4. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: UDCA is generally considered safe during pregnancy and breastfeeding. However, its use during pregnancy should be discussed with a healthcare provider.
5. Medication Interactions: Inform your healthcare provider about all medications and supplements you’re using, as UDCA can interact with other drugs.
6. Liver Disorders: UDCA is usually avoided in individuals with certain liver disorders that impact bile flow.
7. Allergic Reactions: Allergic reactions to UDCA are rare. If you experience signs of an allergic reaction, such as rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing, seek medical attention immediately.
8. Consultation with Healthcare Provider: UDCA should be taken under the guidance of a healthcare provider who can assess your specific medical history and conditions.

In summary, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) 150 mg is primarily prescribed for gallstone dissolution, managing primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), cholestasis of pregnancy, and potentially non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. It’s important to use this medication under the guidance of a healthcare provider, adhere to recommended dosages, and be aware of potential interactions and considerations. If you have any concerns or questions about its use, consult a medical professional.